Scheduled for Motor Behavior and Measurement Posters, Wednesday, April 2, 2003, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, Convention Center: Exhibit Hall A


A Children's Version of the Social Physique Anxiety Scale

Lisa Fender-Scarr1, Mary Jo MacCracken2, Robert Stadulis3, Natalie Caine3, Robert Gandee1, Garth Schofman1, Philip Buckenmeyer1 and Kathleen Maddox4, (1)University of Akron, Akron, OH, (2)Akron/University Of, Hudson, OH, (3)Kent State University, Kent, OH, (4)Tallmadge Middle School, Tallmadge, OH

In order to assess the perceived anxiety children experience relative to how others view their physiques, Hart, Leary and Rejeski’s (1989) Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS) was adapted to a version for children ages 8- to 14-years-old (i.e., later elementary or middle school ages). The first phase of the SPAS revision entailed having three children of the lowest age (8-years-old) respond to the 9-item SPAS and indicate if there were any words or phrases that they did not understand. Based upon these children’s input, a team of three university faculty experienced in psychological testing reworded the SPAS to a children’s version (the SPAS-C). Children (N = 8) representing a greater age (8- to 12-years- old) were then asked to complete the SPAS-C, again sharing with the test administrators any item that they did not understand. Only a few relatively minor revisions resulted. Within the physical education classes at the same middle school, 11- to 14-year-old girls and boys (N = 129) completed the SPAS-C. Consent was obtained from the children, their parents/guardians, the school’s principal and the children’s physical education teacher. To assess the concurrent validity of the SPAS-C, the children’s body composition was assessed using the Body Mass Index (BMI) as well as percent body fat using circumferences, bio-electrical impedance (Biodynamics Corporation) and skin-fold (Slaughter et al., 1988) methods. Correlations between SPAS-C scores and the body composition measures were substantial (> .50) and significant (p < .05) except for circumferences percent body fat (r = .23). Based upon the body composition scores, children were classified as low (leaner), average, or high (obese). A one-way ANOVA on the SPAS-C scores comparing the three body composition groups resulted in a significant ( p < .05) difference. Bonferroni post-hoc comparisons indicated that the high (obese) body composition group demonstrated the greatest social physique anxiety, followed by the average group, with the low (leaner) group evidencing the least amount of anxiety. Internal reliability, using Cronbach alpha, was .865. Both the correlational and ANOVA results support the validity and reliability of the SPAS-C. This children’s form of the SPAS may be an important tool in aiding researchers and practitioners who deal with the growing problem of obesity in today’s children.

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