Students' Daily Experiences: Well-Being, Social Context and Active Leisure

Thursday, April 3, 2014
Exhibit Hall Poster Area 2 (Convention Center)
Chen Ni1, Carina King1, Sotiris Hji-Avgoustis2 and Jinmoo Heo3, (1)Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, (2)Ball State University, Muncie, IN, (3)Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
Background/Purpose: Subjective Well-Being (SWB) is a broad concept that lay people call happiness or satisfaction. SWB research focuses on one’s cognitive and affective evaluations of their lives; on how and why people experience lives in positive ways. Research has demonstrated how positive emotions are important to individuals' growth and development (Seligman, 2002), and SWB is related to students’ success in college. The purpose of this study was to explore how college students spent time in their daily life. Specifically, activity types and social contexts were identified as factors that relate to SWB.

Method: This study employed the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), and a 21 college students from a U.S. Midwestern university participated. This sampling frequency yielded an average of 45 ESM responses per participant over the one-week period, resulting in a total of 963 ESM reports that were used in the analysis. Thus, response rate was 93.5%. During the study, participants received randomly timed text messages 7 times a day from 9:00am to 9:00pm for a week, and they filled out a self-report form whenever they received messages from the researchers. In response to the text alerts, participants completed the Experience Sampling Form (ESF), in which they indicated what they were doing, who they were with, and how they were feeling at the time they received the text message. ESM has proven to be successful in capturing everyday experiences (Borrell, 1998).

Analysis/Results: A series of t and ANOVA tests were conducted to examine differences in SWB between different social contexts. The results showed that participants’ SWB was higher when they were with others than when by themselves. With regard to social context, being with family and being with friends also had positive associations with SWB. The participants’ SWB was significantly higher when they were engaged in active leisure, and lower levels of SWB were reported when they were involved in learning activities.

Conclusions: The findings of this study contribute to the more general empirical research into determinants of college students’ well-being. In addition, study results begin to reveal some insights about the self-reported wellbeing of students in relation to their daily activities. The results may be useful to university stakeholders such as campus student success divisions. Mindfully increasing opportunities to affect student happiness on and off campus can affect student wellbeing as happier students are more likely to be successful.