Tai Chi and Exercise Science Research

Cardiorespiratory benefits for both younger and older people can be achieved over long-term, progressively more intense Tai Chi training (Jin, 1989; Thornton, 2008). Tai Chi also offers multiple musculoskeletal and postural benefits among its practitioners (Wolf et al., 1996). Tai Chi reduced the onset to falls with concomitant significant improvements in fear of falling and other physiological and psychosocial measures (Jin, 1992). Movement forms of Tai Chi have also been compared to proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation patterns (Hong et al., 2000; Xu et al., 2005). The effective elements of Tai Chi have been studied by many researchers (e.g., see the review of Hong, 2008 for more details). Possible biomechanical, neurological, physiological and psychological contributions have been discussed (Hong, 2008). Biomechanically, Tai Chi may promote range of motion, lower extremity strength, postural alignment and axial rotation (Kutner, 1997). More research needs to be done to confirm Tai Chi as an exercise form to promote wellness for both young and old (Wayne & Kaptchuk, 2008a & 2008b). Studies should address biomedical, behavioral, functional and socioeconomic characteristics of Tai Chi practice and Tai Chi practitioners. Tai Chi is beneficial for maintaining or enhancing ability and reducing impairments. Its value to rehabilitation clinicians is apparent. However, there is a clear challenge to exercise science researchers to explore the effective contributors of this traditional exercise.