Body dissatisfaction is prevalent among women in Western society and numerous researchers have found that women use exercise to manage their weight and improve their appearance (Davis & Cowles 1991; Davis et al. 1995; Frederick & Shaw 1995; Imm & Pruitt 1991). Fitness professionals, specifically group aerobic instructors, face a unique experience as their bodies are on constant display within their work environment. Little is known about how fitness professionals feel about their bodies or how the fitness environment influences their physique-related attitudes and satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to explore physique-related attitudes and experiences of female group aerobic instructors. Participants included five female group aerobics instructors, ranging in age from 22 to 50, with 1 year to 19 years teaching experience. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were content analyzed by the interviewer and a second researcher following procedures recommended by Miles & Huberman (1994). Themes (i.e., quotes or paraphrased quotes) were identified and group into similar responses and a cross-case analysis was conducted. A summary of each interview sent to each participant for verification.
Although all participants reported a positive body image, each expressed some dissatisfaction. Participants described the ideal body as having good muscle tone, low body fat and overall fitness, which they believed to be attainable. Interestingly, two participants also described the ideal body in terms of functional fitness. When asked how they felt about their bodies while teaching group aerobic classes, responses varied. Two participants indicated that they do not think about their appearance while teaching. Three participants indicated they feel self-conscious about their bodies while teaching. One participant indicated that she felt better about her body if she looked better than her students and another participant said that she chose attire that would conceal her stomach. Participants were also asked about the psychosocial environment they create in their classes. All participants indicated that they focus on instruction and providing positive feedback and encouragement. Two participants specifically said they want their exercisers to have realistic expectations about body shape. All participants believed instructors should be role models for exercisers by maintaining a solid workout routine and healthy eating habits. The results of these exploratory interviews suggest that exercise professionals do feel physique pressures related to working in a group aerobic environment.