Background/Purpose
A physically active and physically fit lifestyle is important for American Indian (AI) children who are at the greatest risk for hypokinetic diseases, particularly Type 2 diabetes. This study is grounded in the public health literature, specifically, the need for children to practice healthy behaviors at school (e.g., USDHHS, 2010). Research studies have begun to explore the physical activity patterns of AI children but have not provided evidence related to fitness levels. Thus, the purpose of this study was to describe the fitness levels of children living in an AI Community.
Method
Participants included fifth-ninth grade children (N = 87; 60% male, 40% female) in one SW US AI Community. All children were of AI descent and were aged 12.36 (±1.68) years. Children completed four parts of the FitnessGram (Cooper Institute, 2007) fitness test during PE.
Analysis/Results
Descriptive findings showed that 63% of participants were in the healthy fitness zone (HFZ) for the Pacer Test (30.76 ±27.55 laps). The Curl-up Test resulted in 74% of children in the HFZ (29.36 ±32.19 curl-ups) for muscular endurance. The Modified Push-up Test resulted in 28% of children reaching the HFZ (9.42 ±11.35 push-ups) for muscular strength. Sixty percent of participants were in the HFZ for the Sit-and-Reach (flexibility) Test (9.81 ±2.70, left; 9.86 ±2.95 right).
Conclusions
Findings suggest that 1 in 3 children need to improve their aerobic fitness, flexibility, and muscular endurance; while 3 in 4 need to improve their muscular strength. Increased fitness opportunities are warranted for this population.