Scheduled for Research Consortium Poster Session: Thematic Biophysical, Assessment, and Measurement Posters, Friday, March 16, 2007, 10:45 AM - 12:15 PM, Convention Center: Exhibit Hall Poster Area I


Biomechanical Aspects of Learning Pole Vault

Istvan Kovacs, Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, PA and Bela Vago, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

Significance. The number of pole vaulters has markedly increased since the event was added to the women's track & field program. Many of them have learned vaulting at a later stage of their athletic careers. Reasons include lack of vaulting facilities at younger age, switching from another event, or picking up pole vault as a new event for masters events. One of the key points to learning pole vault is a carefully designed and thorough learning program. While there are numerous publications on the biomechanics of elite pole vault technique, a lack of information exists concerning the beginners' movements. The objective of this study was to gain biomechanical information of the pole vault technique used by adult learners. Design. Forty-seven female and 44 male well-trained university students that were beginners to pole vault participated in an eight-week, one lesson per week learning unit on pole vaulting. They participated in traditional learning drills, followed by the commonly accepted short-approach vault attempts, and finally, a short-approach pole vault competition. Besides registering their best vaulting results achieved from six and eight stride run-ups, data were collected about their vaulting height-grip height differential (VGD), run-up speed, and maximum running speed while carrying the pole. Results. By the end of the eight weeks the women averaged 1.87 ± 0.14 m using the six stride, and 2.10 ± 0.17 m using the eight stride run-up, while the men's average result was 2.12 ± 0.17 and 2.36 ± 0.20 m, respectively. While top level athletes have positive VGD (i.e. the vaulting result is higher than their grip height), our subjects had negative values. However, with increased run-up length, the absolute value of VGD significantly dropped, from -0.77 ± 0.12 m to -0.65 ± 0.17 m for women and from -0.69 ± 0.18 m to -0.54 ± 0.20 m for men, which is an indication of improved vaulting technique. In addition, with an increased run-up length both the running speed and the grip height were significantly higher. On the other hand, even the speed of the eight stride run-up was significantly lower than the maximum running speed. Accordingly, limiting the length to eight strides at the beginning stage of the learning process proved to be a safe method. However, our VGD data indicated that along with the improvement of vaulting technique, gradually adding running strides to the run-up is essential for creating an effective whereas secure learning environment.
Keyword(s): coaching, motor skills

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