The study and historical documentation of women's intercollegiate sport has been extensive. Girls sport participation at the interscholastic level has historically remained sporadic and sparsely documented in the literature. This study will draw from historical studies and develop a consolidated history of girls' interscholastic sport participation. Included is the influence of Muscular Christianity and the medical profession in the 1800's that impacted on the perception and support for girls' sport participation well into the next century (Couturier & Chepko, 2001, Eisen, 1991, Park, 1978). The development of eugenics, a new field in psychology, created a backlash against women involved in sport in the early part of the 20th century (Couturier & Chepko, 2001). Eugenics conflicted with basketball in particular, which had a strong following in certain sections of the country (Johnson, 1991, Lannin, 2000). Following the Golden Era of sport in the 1920's, parallel but separate models of male and female sport participation through the middle portion of the century were in evidence, and offered very different levels of sport participation for girls and boys (Chepko & Couturier, 2001, Swanson, 1974, Swanson & Spears, 1995). It was during this time period that organizations developed to administrate high school sports. First, within the parallel spheres, and then combined to govern all high school participation (Chepko & Couturier, 2001, Swanson, 1974, Swanson & Spears, 1995). The tremendous expansion of female high school sport opportunities and participation since Title IX have created numerous and every growing options for girls as high school athletes moving into the new millennium (Boutilier & SanGiovanni, 1983, National Federation, 2006). Keyword(s): gender issues, high school issues, sport management