Scheduled for Research Coordinating Board Poster Session II, Friday, March 16, 2007, 10:45 AM - 12:15 PM, Convention Center: Exhibit Hall Poster Area II


Influences of the Everybody's Different Program on the Body Image of Adolescent Girls

Tiffany A. Clement, Springfield College, Lawrence, MA

The statements, actions, and depictions of media, parents, and peers have been found to influence the body image of adolescents in both a positive and negative manner. Prevention programs that target disordered eating have been developed to prevent negative behavioral characteristics such as diminished body image. The Everybody's Different (ED; O'Dea & Abraham, 2000) program was created to indirectly enhance body image through self-esteem development. A concurrent mixed method research design was employed in an after school program with adolescent girls to explore how the ED program influences body image. Participants (N = 24) were adolescent girls who attended a charter school (mean age = 11.87± 0.97 years), and were in grades 6, 7, and 8. The following quantitative instruments were utilized: the Body Image subscale of the Self-Image Questionnaire for Young Adolescents (Petersen, Schulenberg, Abramowitz, Offer, & Jarcho, 1984); the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (Harter, 1982); the Eating Disorder Inventory (Garner, Olmstead, & Polivy, 1983); the Demographic, Food Habits, and Body Image Questionnaire (O'Dea, Abraham, & Heard, 1996); and six physical appearance ratings (O'Dea & Abraham, 2000). Qualitative methods included focus groups (4), field notes (16 days), video analyses (16 days), and document analyses (5 documents per person). For group across testing session (pre, mid, and post) a significant interaction (< .05) was found for the mean vector of scores for the EDI. At mid-program and post program, G1 (mid mean = 5.82 ± 4.87; post mean = 5.36 ± 3.04) had significantly higher mean Ineffectiveness scores than G2 (mid mean = 3.36 ± 2.91; post mean = 4.18 ± 3.03). For all other quantitative variables, no significant differences were found for program type across time. Exploration of the effectiveness of the ED program in enhancing the body image of adolescents through qualitative methods resulted in the following themes: (a) Threats to Body Image, (b) Body Image Enhancers, (c) Participation Characteristics, and (d) the Influences of the ED Program on the Body Image of Adolescents. Although the notion that participation in the ED program would enhance body image was not supported, participants found value in the program. Participants reported conflicting depictions of the appropriate size and shape of one's body from a variety of social influences. The well-being of young girls is being threatened today; therefore, programs that effectively target self-esteem and body image development are crucial.


Keyword(s): disease prevention/wellness, gender issues, health education K-12

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