Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS is recognized as a major public health problem. Due to medical progress, AIDS related deaths have declined (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 1989). As more people are living longer with HIV infection, the spread of the disease increases (Key, 1998). Due to the increasing number of HIV/AIDS cases, physicians should become more active in the prevention and care of HIV infection (Brandon, 1999). Name-based surveillance of HIV infection is the law in 31 states. The state of Indiana has had name-based surveillance of AIDS since 1982 and of HIV infection since 1985 (IC 16-41-2). Disbursements of federal funds of several prevention and treatment programs are based upon the annual number of reported cases. Thus, improvement of the HIV/AIDS reporting system is essential to the continued implementation of prevention efforts in the state. The purpose of the study is to investigate barriers to the reporting of HIV/AIDS among care providers in Indiana. Data were collected from physicians using a mailed survey. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Approximately 21% of the physicians indicated that they always report HIV/AIDS patients. Physicians who reported that they “rarely or never” reported AIDS cases were more likely than physicians who replied “usually or always” reported AIDS cases to indicated confusion about the requirement to report, the amount of time to complete the report, or the reporting previously diagnosed or reported cases as reasons for not reporting their HIV/AIDS patients. Recommendations for improving physician reporting of HIV/AIDS are discussed.