Scheduled for Health Posters, Friday, April 2, 2004, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, Convention Center: Exhibit Hall Poster Session


Development and Evaluation of the Student Aging Awareness Scale

Pamela D. Doughty, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX and Liette B. Ocker, Texas A&M Univ-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX

Age awareness needs to be addressed at the undergraduate level, as these students will be professionals in a world with 18-25% of the population over the age of 65 by the year 2020. Ageism has been documented through two well-known scales, the Palmore Aging Quiz and The Faboni Scale of Ageism. However, both scales deal with knowledge issues and are lengthy. The purpose of this research was to develop and validate a student aging awareness scale that was brief and used myths concerning aging as the basis. Both content and construct validity were reviewed on the Student Aging Awareness Scale (SAAS). Content validity was examined and revisions made by experts in the field of aging and a college student focus group. The hypothesized construct of SAAS was determined through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using alpha factor extraction for generalizability and promax rotation for best fit of the sample to the data. The sample consisted of 311(males, n = 166; females, n = 145) students attending a secondary institution in southern Texas, mean age = 21.67 ± 3.94. The sample was predominately Hispanic (61%) and Catholic (61%). In the first phase of the EFA, the 20-item SAAS was found to have six factors with Eigenvalues > 1.0 and 22.94% of the total variance extracted. After examination of the pattern matrix, four items were found to be either uncorrelated or factorially complex and were therefore removed. In the second phase, an EFA was performed on the remaining sixteen items, which revealed five factors with Eigenvalues > 1 and an improvement in total variance extracted to 23.98%. Four items were removed due to the factorial complexity causing one factor to be eliminated. In the final phase of the EFA, the SAAS was found to have four factors with Eigenvalues > 1.0 and a substantial increase in total variance extracted, 27.04%. The four factors that remained described the elderly as Senile (four items), frail ( three items), inflexible (three items) and freeloaders (two items). The SAAS will assist in determining students’ awareness concerning age issues and gives instructors the opportunity to increase their age awareness savey.
Keyword(s): measurement/evaluation, older adult/aging issues, student issues

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