The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a 10-week ballet training program on lower body muscular endurance and balance of elderly individuals over 78 years of age to a group of sedentary adults in the same age category. The subject population which consisted of 12 volunteers recruited from Marriott's Brighton Gardens, was divided into two sections: six participants receiving ballet training and six participants refraining from any exercise. All subjects signed an informed consent as approved by the University Institutional Review Board. Static balance tests included standing with both feet together, with tandem feet, and on each leg for a maximum duration of 30 seconds. Dynamic balance was measured by a heel-to-toe walk and a timed get-up-and-go test. Muscular endurance was represented by a 20-repetition maximum test of the knee extensors, knee flexors, dorsiflexors, and plantarflexors. The assessment of balance and muscular endurance involved the use of a 4-foot metal barre, ankle weights, a straight back armchair, and a cone, while two 8-foot portable wooden barres supported on metal legs were utilized during the ballet classes. A 2 x 2 analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized to assess the effect of the training program on muscular endurance and balance. The level for achieving statistical significance was recorded at p < .05. The training group demonstrated a significant change from pre- to post-test in the following variables: right knee extension (+2.16 lb), left knee extension (+2.00 lb), right dorsiflexion (+4.83 lb), left dorsiflexion (+5.00 lb), and left heel raise (+4.83 lb); where as the control group did not demonstrate a significant change. However, there were no significant differences between groups relative to any of the static or dynamic balance measures. Therefore, it was concluded that ballet training is an effective way of promoting muscular fitness in older adults.Keyword(s): adult fitness, creative movement, older adult/aging issues