Scheduled for Sociocultural and Psychology Posters, Friday, April 4, 2003, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, Convention Center: Exhibit Hall A


Physical Self-Perceptions of College Students Associated With Participation in Selected Physical Activity Classes

Robert H. Ferguson, Cathy D. Lirgg, Carla D. Smith, Kyle Brunen and Kristen Clark, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR

Participation in physical activity has been shown to benefit physical self-perception (PSP). Daley and Buchanan (1999) demonstrated that aerobic dance, a feminine gender-typed activity, significantly improved PSP of female adolescents, while participation in physical education classes alone did not. However the affect of gender-typed activities may be different on older or male individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of selected gender-typed physical activities on PSP of male and female college students. Fifty-five female and 33 male college students participated in four eight-week physical activity classes considered to be masculine, feminine or neutral: aerobic dance, weight training, jogging, and a general fitness course. Participants completed the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP) before and after participation (Fox & Corbin, 1989). The PSPP contains five subscales: Sports Competence, Body Attractiveness, Physical Condition, Physical Strength, and Physical Self-worth. Preliminary analyses showed that during the pretest, females differed by class on the Sport Competence subscale and the Physical Self-Worth subscale was highly correlated with other dependent variables. Therefore, both subscales were analyzed separately. A 2 x 3 x 2 (gender by class by time) repeated measures MANOVA was run on the remaining three subscales. However, aerobic dance was eliminated as a level because there were only two males in the aerobics class. Results showed a significant multivariate F(3, 65)=4.96, p=.004 for gender, with males scoring higher than females in all three subscales and for time, F(3,65)=3.40, p=.023, with improvement from pretest to posttest only on Strength Competence. Further analyses were then conducted on the females separately so that the aerobics class could be included. A 4 x 2 (class by time) repeated measures MANOVA showed only a significant multivariate F for time, F(3,48)=4.12, p=.011, with Strength Competence as the only significant variable. A 4 x 2 (class by time) ANOVA on Physical Self-Worth showed no significant main effects or interactions. Finally, analysis of gain scores (posttest minus pretest) computed for the Sport Competence subscale showed that none of the classes differed in pre to post gains on that subscale. Class type was neither a main effect nor a part of an interaction in any of the analyses. Therefore, it seems that while participation in physical activity courses improves PSP, the type of activity is not a salient factor in improving PSP of male and female college students.

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