Scheduled for Psychology II Free Communications, Saturday, April 5, 2003, 1:00 PM - 2:15 PM, Convention Center: 304


Viewing Physique Slides: Affective Responses of High and Low Drive for Thinness Women

Rebecca Ellis Gardner1, Heather A. Hausenblas1, Christopher M. Janelle1 and Brian C. Focht2, (1)University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, (2)Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC

The sociocultural model identifies social pressure as the impetus behind an individual’s need to conform to unrealistic body shape standards (Thompson et al., 1999). The strongest sociocultural pressures that affect body-image disturbance are imposed by the mass media. Research examining the media’s influence on women’s psychological well-being is necessary to establish effective prevention and treatment programs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the affective responses of media exposure of 30 female students who were either high or low on drive for thinness (DT). Each participant completed three laboratory visits where they viewed nonphysique control, self-physique, and model-physique slides. During each visit, the participants completed the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988) pre-, immediately post-, and one, two, three, and four hours post-slide viewing. They also rated their degree of pleasure during slide viewing on the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM; Lang et al., 1990). A 2 (Group) x 3 (Condition) mixed model ANOVA was performed to examine the differences in pleasure ratings between the low and high DT groups during each of the three slide viewing conditions. Significant main effects for Group [ F (1, 25)=16.56, p < .001], Condition [ F (2, 50)=5.81, p < .005], and a significant Group x Condition interaction [ F (2, 50)=6.65, p < .003] emerged. Post hoc analysis revealed that the high DT group reported significantly lower pleasure while viewing the self-slides. To examine the persisting effects of slide viewing on affect, a 2 (Group) x 3 (Condition) x 6 (Time) mixed model MANOVA was conducted. Results of the MANOVA yielded significant main effects for Group and Time as well as significant Time x Group and Time x Condition interactions. Follow-up analysis of negative affect produced a significant main effect for Group [ F (1, 67)=9.97, p < .002] as well as significant Group x Time [ F (5, 335)=2.34, p < .041] and Group x Condition x Time interactions [ F (10, 335)=2.10, p < .024]. Post hoc analysis indicated that negative affect was significantly higher immediately following the self-slide condition among participants in the high DT group. Additionally, negative affect was significantly higher 1 and 2 hours following the model-slide condition for the high DT group. In summary, the results illustrated that viewing the self- and model-slides had negative affective consequences for individuals at risk for eating disorders.

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