Scheduled for The Consortium of Research in HPERD and Social, Wednesday, April 10, 2002, 5:30 PM - 7:00 PM, San Diego Convention Center: Exhibit Hall


Self-Controlled Performance Feedback Schedules and Learning a Complex, Multiple-Degree-of-Freedom Skill

Duane G. Millslagle, Jon Stephenson and Morris Levy, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN

This study was designed to examine relative feedback schedules that manipulated participant control over performance feedback. Subjects (N=60) were randomly assigned to one of five conditions: 1) the forced condition (FO) where the subject was given feedback after every block of trials, 2) the forced to choice condition (FC) where the subject was given feedback after every block of trials for the first half of the trials, followed by trials where the subject determined when to receive performance feedback; 3) the choice to forced condition (CF) where the subject determined when to receive feedback during the first half of the trials followed by trials where feedback was given after every trial; 4) the choice condition (CH) where the subject determined when to receive performance feedback; and 5) the self-regulated-yoke condition (SY) where a subject chose when to receive a predetermined amount of feedback (based on the average feedback given to subjects in the choice condition) during the acquisition of the skill. Data collection consisted of an acquisition phase and a 4-day retention phase during which right-handed participants performed a left-handed overhand ball throw. Overall, throwing form improved across the trial blocks during acquisition, with the CH, FC, and SY conditions showing more improvement than FO and CF schedules. During retention, the CH and SY conditions retained a significantly higher level of throwing form and accuracy in comparison to other feedback performance schedules. Males were significantly more accurate in the overhand throw than the women during acquisition of the skill, but not in their form. Retention tests for form and accuracy indicated no gender differences. Results show that subjects who had control over performance feedback acquired and retained a skill at a level equivalent to or surpassing subjects who had little or no control over presentation of feedback.
Keyword(s): coaching, performance, research

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