Background/Purpose This study aimed to exam whether polygenic profile of ACE ID and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms is associated with muscle power performance in Korea.
Method For this study, 106 top-class power athletes (top-class group), 158 elite power athletes (elite-class group) and 676 healthy adults (control) aged 18-39 yrs were recruited and their genotypes were analyzed.
Analysis/Results As results, the top-class group showed higher frequencies of II genotype and I allele in ACE and also higher frequencies of RR genotype and R allele in ACTN3 (Top-Class vs. Control: 41.4% vs. 32.1% for II genotype, 67.1% vs. 57.7% I allele, p<0.05; 42.3% vs. 29.0% for RR genotype, 65.3% vs. 54.8% for I allele, p<0.05). In polygenic profile, the top-class group had significantly higher frequencies of combined-II/ID+RR/RX genotype than control (Top-Class vs. Control: 82.9% vs. 66.7% for II/ID+RR/RX, p<0.05) and even was in sharp increase on TGS (Total Genotype Score) compared to the elite-class group and control (66±0.9 vs. 58±1.9 vs. 56±2.3, p<0.05). The combined-II/ID+RR/RX genotype showed the possibility of successes in the top-class muscle power performance with odds ratio of 2.3 times (CI:1.4-4.1, p<0.05).
Conclusions There results suggested that ACE and ACTN3 should be in interaction with each other to affect muscle-power performance in an additive form. Also, polygenic profile of ACE and ACTN3 can predict muscle performance with homogeneous dominant combined genotype (II/ID+RR/RX) having high success. In the further study, it could be necessary to identify and combined other genes into ACE and ACTN3 for muscle strength.