Background: West Nile Virus (WNV) is becoming an increasing threat within the Paso del Norte Region of the US/Mexico Border Region. Control of this virus is primarily related to abatement of environmental factors that allow mosquitoes to propagate. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge levels of residents of Deming, New Mexico related to hazards associated with mosquito propagation and the risk of contracting WNV. Significance: In determining abatement strategies, it is important to understand community residents' understanding of their role in maintaining an environment that will reduce the risk of mosquito propagation. Although initial abatement of environmental hazards may occur, community sustainability is critical for long term success. As a result, targeted educational programs based upon the knowledge of community residents are critical. Methods: Meetings were held with local residents and promotoras (community health workers) in the area where a large illegal tire dump was located. A 30 item environmental survey was developed, pretested, and back translated (English to Spanish) to ensure that the content and context of the various items would be understood and that the two versions of the survey were the same. Promotoras conducted door-to-door surveys of residents, as well as conducting surveys at local shopping malls. Bilingual educational posters were posted in local businesses throughout the community. Educational pamphlets and buttons were given to survey participants. Findings: Over 300 surveys were completed during the spring of 2007. Preliminary analysis of the data showed that the residents were aware of the illegal tire dump and that this did pose a potential health hazard for the community. They also knew about the association about standing water and the possibility of mosquitoes. They did not appear to have a good concept about such things as water bowls for animals, backyard tire swings, and the importance of not allowing even small amounts of water to stand in their back years as a potential health hazard. The misconception seemed to reflect the concept that only rather large bodies of standing water would create a problem. The residents were anxious to learn what they could do to avoid mosquito hazards in the future. Conclusions: Based upon the results of the community survey, additional educational materials are being developed for distribution in the community. A concomitant school-based program is being developed that will be implemented in the middle school in the community during the 2007-20078 academic year. Keyword(s): community-based programs, health promotion, safety/injury prevention