Significance: A full 33% of low-income children between two and five years of age in New York State are already overweight or at risk for becoming overweight (CDC, 2003). These statistics underscore the need for early intervention to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity. One way to combat the epidemic of childhood obesity is to increase physical activity levels. Yet, few preschool programs are designed to increase physical activity levels. The purpose of this study was to determine whether significant changes in children's physical activity levels will occur as a result of childcare provider training in conducting preschool movement programs. Design: This pilot study used a switched replication experimental design. Eighteen preschool classrooms, located in an economically depressed county in New York, participated in the study. Eight of the childcare providers participated in the first five-hour training program. The remaining participated in an identical second training three weeks later. The training focused on conducting structured preschool movement programs (McCall & Craft, 2000, 2004). Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of 36 children, two randomly selected from each classroom, was measured using accelerometers. Pretest data was collected across four consecutive days prior to the training intervention and post test data was collected across four consecutive days one to two weeks after the intervention. Complete data was only available on 17 of the 36 children studied and used in the final analysis. No pattern was apparent between students with missing data and those with complete data. Given the nonparametric nature of the data, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was employed to test for significance between the children's pre and post test MVPA. Results: The analysis showed no significant changes in children's physical activity levels before and after the intervention (p= 0.4). It appears that a single workshop on conducting physical activities is insufficient for increasing the physical activity of preschoolers in childcare centers. Anecdotally, it was observed that it is very hard to impact the daily routines of childcare centers. While the quality of the physical activities may have increased during the training, the results of this study suggest that the quantity of physical activity did not change. Keyword(s): early childhood, exercise/fitness/physical activity, play