Wheelchair users are a rapidly growing population. According to several studies (Tate et al., 2002), physical and psychological health are quality of life predictors in wheelchair users. Long-term regular exercise/sports participation benefits wheelchair users in physical and psychological health (Muraki et al, 2000). Since most studies only examined a few physical fitness or psychological variables, the long-term benefits of physical activity (PA) participation on physical and psychological variables and their interrelationship are not fully understood. This study proposed to determine the benefits and impact of long-term PA by studying wheelchair athletes so that the physical and psychological profiles identified can help future intervention studies in adapted physical activity. Eleven male and nine female athletes (4 -12 years of training), ages 18 to 27, participated in the study. The participants' disabilities ranged from SCI (T6 to L5 with incomplete or complete of lesion), CP, and amputee. A set of validated questionnaires/measures were administered. Psychological questionnaires included attitude toward exercise (Blissmer, 2000), self-efficacy (Schwarzer et al., 1993), fatigue (Belza, 1995), perceived stress (Cohen et al., 1983), and physique anxiety (Rejeski, 1997). Other questionnaires included ADL/IADL (U.S. DHHS, 1995) and PA and exercise participations (Washburn et al., 2002). Physical fitness measures included body composition (skinfolds), muscular strength/endurance (i.e., hand grip, 1-RM bench press, Trunk push-up, and dips), and cardiorespiratory endurance (arm crank ergometer). After descriptive statistical analysis, correlations among measures were computed. The peak of VO2 found was 30.74±5.46 ml/kg/min in male and 29.06±4.61 ml/kg/min in female athletes. The mean±SD of 1-RM was 205.45±28.76 lb for males and 164.63±48.67 lb for females. The mean of left hand grip was 53.03±7.63 kg for males and 42.86±12.34 kg for females. Trunk push-ups performance (M=55) was the same between gender although males had a slightly larger SD (19) than females (17). Upper body skinfolds were 45.13±20.29 in males and 45.88±15.91 in females. Among these physical fitness variables, hand grip variable was fair indicator of psychological measures (r = -.39 to -.40). The athletes had better scores in most psychological measures indicating psychological benefits of long-term PA participation. Lower ADL/IADL scores (less assistance needed in the daily living) showed moderate correlations with higher physical fitness variables. Finally, the better the attitude towards PA and exercise participation was, the better physical fitness was for the individual. In summary, wheelchair users positively benefit from long-term participation in high-intensity exercise/sports in both physical fitness and psychological health. Keyword(s): adapted physical activity, athletics/sports, exercise/fitness