Scheduled for Research Consortium Special Populations Poster Session, Friday, April 28, 2006, 10:45 AM - 12:15 PM, Convention Center: Exhibit Hall Poster Area I


A Look at 2 Decades of Training to Determine the Effects of a Low-Intensity Exercise Therapy Program for Intermittent Claudication

Coleen Martinez and Christine Stopka, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL

Intermittent claudication (IC) is defined as pain in the muscles of the legs accompanying movement; the pain is due to low amounts of blood supply to the peripheral arteries (Ouriel, 2001). Thirty percent of patients with IC die within five years of the onset of symptoms (Carlon, Morlino, & Maiolino, 2003). IC is the earliest and the most frequent presenting symptom in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) (Ouriel, 2001). PAD consists of occlusions in the peripheral arteries of the legs and it affects approximately 8 million to 10 million people in the United States (Criqui, 2001; Hiatt, Hoag, & Hamman, 1995; Stewart, Hiatt, Regensteiner, & Hirsch, 2002). The purpose of this study was to see if low-intensity (LI) pain free walking used as exercise therapy for intermittent claudication (IC), over two decades, resulted in significant improvements in walking ability. Participants (n=94) attended therapy 2.2 times a week for an average of 10 weeks. The participants were involved with the LI program between the years 1980 (when the program was first examined) and 2005. The exercise therapy consisted of continuous walking on a treadmill at speeds below the participants' individualized walking pain threshold. Walking time ranged from 30 to 50 minutes. Measurements recorded were total distance walked (DW), and total time walked (TW). Measurements calculated were: average velocity (AV), estimated VO2 (VO2), metabolic rate (MET), energy expenditure (EE), rate of energy expenditure (REE), work (W), and power (P). Before and after walking the participants stretched with the contraction enhancing, “hold-relax” method of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF). An analysis of the data examined changes in the pretest and post-test exercise variables using a repeated measures design (ANOVA). Significant improvements (p < 0.001) were observed for all exercise variables: DW, 180%; TW, 105%; AV, 54%; VO2, 27%; MET, 24%; EE, 182%; REE, 60%; W, 100%; and P, 59%; (n=51 for EE, REE, W, and P). The LI approach used in this study is an alternative approach to the recommended high-intensity (HI) approach. This LI exercise method offered little risk to the participants having further cardiovascular complications unlike others using the HI approach who have reported heart complications during exercise (Carlon, et al 2003). LI exercise training appears to be a viable alternative to HI training for improving the walking ability of patients with IC and should receive further attention, study, and research.
Keyword(s): adult fitness, older adult/aging issues, wellness/disease prevention

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