Scheduled for Research Consortium Leisure & Recreation and Sport Management & Administration Poster Session, Thursday, April 14, 2005, 3:45 PM - 5:15 PM, Convention Center: Exhibit Hall Poster Area I


Perceptual Differences of Membership Incentives Between Junior and Senior Members of Athletics-Related Professional Associations (Sport Management)

Li Chen, James E. Hornak and Tracy W. Olrich, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI

Previous studies have suggested that the experience of individual has significant impact on behaviors of athletic administrators (Hoch, 1999), contribution of sport volunteers (Challedurai, 1999), and commitment of members to their respective associations (Knoke, 1988). However, literature has left a void on whether there would be perceptual differences of junior and senior members toward membership incentives in athletics-related professional associations (e.g., American Football Coaches Association, National Wrestling Coaches Association). Could the experience of individuals be an influential factor affecting the members' perceptions regarding the benefits of their professional associations? Are senior members' opinions different from their junior colleagues for evaluating associational inducements? This study examined if membership status (juniors vs. seniors) could be an important variable to differentiate individual perceptions in various membership incentives of their respective associations. The examination was conducted through a national survey among 15 athletics-related professional associations. The Membership Incentives Scale (MIS; Chen, 2004) containing four (Utilitarian, Solidary, Purposive, Informative) incentive factors was used to test differences. The mail package including a demographic information sheet, an informed consent form, a self-addressed envelope, and the MIS, was distributed to 820 randomly selected active members. A total of 415 participants (juniors = 215, seniors = 200) voluntarily completed and returned the survey. The MANOVA, discriminant function (DF), and univariate F were applied to analyze the data. MANOVA revealed a significant (Lambda = .93, p < .05) perceptual difference in the mean vector of membership status. DF and univariate F indicated perceptual differences on the factors of Utilitarian (F = 4.20, p < .05) and Informative (F = 4.83, p < .05) Incentives. The juniors (M = 2.50) scored higher on Utilitarian Incentives than seniors (M = 2.11), who rated higher (M = 4.22) than junior members (M = 4.00) on Informative Incentives. The findings indicated that the more years the members have stayed in their respective associations, the more important they consider Informative Incentives, and the less they tend to worry about material benefits. The junior members are likely to be more material-benefit-oriented to engage in the collectivity compared to the seniors, who feel that updated information is more beneficial for their occupations. The investigators concluded that an ideal system of membership incentives should represent desires of most members of the associations. A mixture incentive package containing valuable information and tangible rewards is optimal to satisfy the needs of diverse organizational consumers (members) in athletics-related professional associations.
Keyword(s): administration/mgmt, athletics/sports, sport management

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