Scheduled for Psychology Free Communications, Saturday, April 16, 2005, 7:30 AM - 8:30 AM, Convention Center: E271b


Gender Differences in Body Satisfaction for At Risk of Overweight and Overweight Minority High School Students

Lorraine Killion, Houston Baptist University, Houston, TX and Dean Culpepper, University of Houston, Houston, TX

The prevalence of overweight among adolescents has nearly tripled in the past two decades. The recent NHANES IV data indicate 30.4% of adolescents ages 12-19 are overweight with higher rates reported for Hispanics (H) and African Americans (AA). Risk factors for heart disease, high cholesterol, type II diabetes, and high blood pressure occur with increased frequency in overweight adolescents compared to those with a healthy weight. Adolescence represents the period of greatest risk for developing obesity; moreover, overweight youth are more likely to become overweight adults. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a common measure used to assess adolescents as “at risk of overweight” and “overweight” using gender- and age-specific CDC criteria. To determine underlying causes and consequences of these categories, assessments might include dietary, physical activity, and psychosocial measures. How one perceives his/her body size could provide information regarding the psychosocial aspects of the obesity problem. Gender differences in body dissatisfaction in early adolescence has been documented, with girls reporting greater body dissatisfaction than boys; however, there is a paucity of information regarding minorities. This study examined the relation between overweight adolescents and body satisfaction. The number of students who participated in the study was 371 (162 males, 209 females), 14 to18 years (M=15.9; SD=.97). The ethnic breakdown was 75.2% Hispanic and 24.8% African American. Using the CDC gender- and age-specific guidelines, 43.7% of the students were at risk of overweight and overweight. Students were administered the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale which consists of nine silhouettes ranging in size from very thin to very heavy. Students were instructed to “select the figure that best represents the way they look now (current) and the figure they would like to look (ideal)”. Examination of body satisfaction revealed 40% of the students were dissatisfied with their current body size. Alarmingly, overall, 18.1% of the overweight students (males=50; females=17) were satisfied with their current size. A Pearson’s Correlation reported a significant (r=.615, p<.0001) relation between overweight and body satisfaction. Future research should examine other sociocultural aspects such as the acculturation of minority adolescents into mainstream America. If the current obesity trend continues, adolescents of this generation may not only experience an increase in weight-related diseases, but they may not be concerned with the factors contributing to these diseases as indicated by the current findings.
Keyword(s): disease prevention, medical/medical care, research

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