Scheduled for Research Consortium Leisure & Recreation and Sport Management & Administration Poster Session, Thursday, April 14, 2005, 3:45 PM - 5:15 PM, Convention Center: Exhibit Hall Poster Area I


Sport Management Doctoral Students: Where Do They Stand in Relation to Other Academic Disciplines? (Sport Management)

Heidi Grappendorf, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX and Tracy Morin, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA

The number of doctoral degrees awarded in the United States continues to increase. In 2001, nearly 45,000 degrees in over 30 disciplines were conferred and almost 45% of them awarded to women. This compares to only 35% in 1988 of all doctoral degrees being awarded to women. In the parks, recreation, leisure, and fitness studies disciplinary division, 177 doctoral degrees were awarded in 2001, compared to only 134 doctoral degrees in 2000 (Hoffman & Snyder, 2003). Of these, 55% were conferred to men and 45% to women (Hoffman & Snyder). Furthermore, 61.1% of all doctoral degrees earned were by Whites, while 4.9% went to Blacks, 5.8% to Asian/Pacific Islander, and 3.4% to Hispanics (U.S. Department of Education, 2002). Examining other disciplines, differences also occur between the number of men and women obtaining doctoral degrees. In business and management, 68.1% of doctoral degrees were conferred to men in 2000, while women received only 31.9% (Hoffman & Snyder). In other traditionally male dominated areas such as mathematics, engineering, and computer and information sciences, women still earn less than half of all doctoral degrees (U.S. Department of Education, 2004). A notable exception is in the academic discipline of education, where 64.9% of doctoral degrees were conferred to women, while 35.1% to men (Hoffman & Snyder). Though not specifically listed, sport management is generally included in the parks, recreation, leisure, and fitness studies discipline. The study of sport management has shown significant development in recent years. Over the past twenty years, the total number of graduate programs has increased from only 20 programs in 1980 to 43 programs today (Parkhouse, 2001). Furthermore, according to the North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM, 2003), there are 13 doctoral sport management programs in the United States. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to profile sport management doctoral students and examine where they stand in relation to other academic disciplines. A survey questionnaire was mailed to nine doctoral programs in sport management/sport administration in the United States. Faculty from all nine institutions responded, while 46.5% of students returned the questionnaire. It was found 65% of sport management doctoral students are male, while 35% are female. Additionally, 62.7% of students reported being European/American Caucasian, while 11.9% responded to being of Asian American/Pacific Islander origin. Further data regarding sport management doctoral students will be presented, as well as data from other academic disciplines. Implications regarding this data will also be discussed.


Keyword(s): diversity, gender issues, sport management

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