Scheduled for Biomechanics Free Communications, Friday, April 15, 2005, 7:30 AM - 8:30 AM, Convention Center: E271b


Time Course of Stretch-Induced Isometric Strength Deficits

Duane Knudson, California State University, Chico, Chico, CA and Guillermo Noffal, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA

Stretching prior to physical activity has been shown to decrease several muscular performance variables in over a dozen studies. Although a wide variety of stretching protocols have been used in these studies, the dose-response of this effect is unknown. The purpose of this was to study document the change in isometric grip strength over 100 seconds of static stretching. A convenience sample of college students gave informed consent and were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 22) or a stretching group (n = 35). Subjects performed a warm-up protocol and determined maximum grip strength based on four measurements using a hydraulic hand dynamometer. Grip strength was tested 10 more times one minute apart, with the stretching group performing repeated trials of 10-second static stretches of the wrist and finger flexors. Grip strengths were expressed as a percentage of initial grip strength. Mean normalized grip strengths were analysed with a group by gender MANOVA (p < 0.05) and the patterns of grip change were modeled by best fitting functions. Mauchly’s test of sphericity was significant (p < 0.05), so the Greenhouse-Geisser adjustments were used. There was no significant effect of gender or interactions with gender, so the data were collapsed across gender. There was a significant (p < 0.05) effect for trials. The significant (p < 0.05) interaction of trials and group indicated that there was a greater decrease in strength in the stretching group than the control group. This difference was mirrored by a linear best fit (r2 = 0.60, SEE= 1.2 %) to the control group data, but a logarithmic best fit (r2 = 0.92, SEE = 0.7%) to the stretching group data. Mean grip strength in the control group across time followed a nearly horizontal linear trend, while the mean grip strengths in the stretching group declined in a logarithmic fashion to 88.8 percent with 100 seconds of stretching. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in normalized grip strength between these two groups appeared after 40 seconds of stretching. Meaningful decreases in isometric grip strength (greater than 5%) following static stretching are likely to appear in young adults following 20 to 40 seconds of stretching.


Keyword(s): exercise/fitness, physical activity, research

Back to the 2005 AAHPERD National Convention and Exposition