Scheduled for Special Populations Free Communications III, Saturday, April 13, 2002, 10:15 AM - 11:30 AM, San Diego Convention Center: Room 7A


Association Between Motor Development and Cognitive Development in Children with Psychiatric Disorders

So-Yeun Kim, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR and Johan Simons, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium

According to Piaget (1952), a broad range of sensory motor experiences early in life is very important for development of optimum intelligence in childhood. This view has received considerable attention and has been a controversial issue. Some researchers proposed that impairment of motor or sensory function lead to cognitive delay. However, others argued that motor-cognitive development inhabits a mutually exclusive domain. Furthermore, there is a dearth of research on children with psychiatric disorders. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate motor-cognitive relationships for children with psychiatric disorders. Participants were 268 children with psychiatric disorders, ages 48-179 months. The data was collected using file folders of the last 10 years in the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Gastuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. Psychomotor therapists used the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP), Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC), Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD) and Körper-Koordinationstest für Kinder [Body Coordination test for Children](KTK) to assess motor development of participants. For cognitive development, the Wechsler scales were administrated to subjects by clinical psychologists. Pearson product-moment correlation was used to examine the relationship between two domains. Also, one-sample t-tests were employed to find differences between the participants and norm data on each test, except MABC because raw scores were used for this study. The results of BOTMP, MABC and KTK had significant relationships with IQ scores, r=.39 (p < .01), r=-.37 (p < .01), r=.29 (p < .01), respectively. Insignificant correlations were found between results of TGMD and IQ scores. The participants showed significantly lower scores than norm data on BOTMP (t=-2.08, p < .05), KTK (t=-10.78, p < .0001) and Wechsler scales (t=-6.62, p < .0001) but no difference was found between participants and norm data on TGMD. According to Burton and Miller (1998), BOTMP and MABC were intended to assess motor abilities, whereas TGMD was designed to assess fundamental movement skills. KTK was designed to measure individual global dynamic coordination, which is related to motor abilities (Simons, 1997). Findings suggest that delay in motor abilities is associated with low intelligence for children with psychiatric disorders but it is not directly related with fundamental movement skills.
Keyword(s): adapted physical activity, early childhood, research

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